Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) can be up to 5 times worse than outdoor air, increasing risks of respiratory diseases and allergies.
IAQ is a silent yet significant component of our overall health. We spend approximately 90% of our time indoors, yet the air we breathe in our homes can be up to 5 times more polluted than outside air. Pollutants like dust, pollen, mold spores, and pet dander can increase the risk of allergies and respiratory diseases. To combat this, High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) and Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value (MERV) 13 filters are excellent solutions. These advanced filtration systems capture 99.97% of particles and significantly reduce the concentration of pollutants, enhancing the quality of air in our living spaces. By adopting HEPA or MERV 13 filters, we not only protect our health but also create a more comfortable and clean living environment. Make the investment in clean air – it’s an investment in your health.
Pros
- Improved Air Quality: HEPA and MERV 13+ filters excel at trapping tiny airborne particles, including allergens, viruses, and bacteria. This results in significantly cleaner air, reducing risks of respiratory diseases and allergies. Particularly beneficial for households in high pollution areas and wildfire prone regions.
- Long-Term Savings: Though these filters are more expensive initially, they save money in the long run by reducing medical costs from poor IAQ related health issues and extending the life of HVAC systems by preventing buildup of dust and pollutants.
- Eco-Friendly: These filters contribute to environmental sustainability by trapping pollutants that could otherwise contribute to indoor air pollution, a significant environmental health risk.
Cons
- Higher Upfront Costs: HEPA and MERV 13+ filters cost more than standard filters upfront, which might deter some homeowners.
- Increased Energy Usage: These filters have a higher pressure drop, which means HVAC systems must work harder, potentially increasing energy costs.
- Frequent Maintenance : For optimal performance, these filters need regular replacement, adding to the maintenance tasks and costs.
Costs
1New Construction
2Existing Home (Hiring a Contractor)
For an existing home, hiring a contractor to retrofit your HVAC system with HEPA or MERV 13+ filters could cost approximately $1,500 – $3,000. This includes the cost of the new filter, modifications to the HVAC system, and contractor labor.
3Existing Home (DIY)
If you decide to DIY, the cost would mostly involve the purchase of the filter itself, which could range from $20 for a high-quality disposable MERV 13 filter to $100-$200 for a more permanent HEPA filter. Note that this estimate does not consider potential modifications needed to your HVAC system to accommodate these higher-grade filters.
Hiring Pros
- Research Professionals: Start your search with trusted websites such as those found in our resources.
- Check Certifications: Make sure the professional holds relevant certifications. The North American Technician Excellence (NATE) certification is a reliable standard in the HVAC industry.
- Ask About Experience with High-Efficiency Filters: Not all HVAC professionals have experience with HEPA or MERV 13+ filters. Ensure they’ve successfully completed similar projects.
- Request References: Past clients can provide valuable insights into a professional’s work quality, timeliness, and overall customer satisfaction.
- Get Multiple Quotes: Prices can vary significantly. Getting quotes from at least three professionals can help you make an informed decision, balancing cost with quality.
Do It Yourself
- Educate Yourself: Start your search with trusted books & websites such as those found in our resources.
- Know Your HVAC System: Understand your system’s compatibility with HEPA or MERV 13+ filters. Some systems may need modifications to handle increased air resistance.
- Choose the Right Filter: Make sure to purchase the correct filter size and type for your system. Not all filters fit all systems.
- Safety First: Always turn off the power to your HVAC system before starting any work to avoid electrical shock.
- Regular Maintenance: Once installed, monitor and change your filters as recommended by the manufacturer, typically every 6-12 months, to ensure continued air quality and system efficiency.
Tips for Renters
Looking for a Rental:
1Ask Directly
When viewing properties, directly inquire about the HVAC system and the type of filters used.
2Check Lease Agreements
Some leases may specify the types of upgrades landlords will permit, including HVAC system enhancements.
3Seek Green Certifications
Properties with eco-friendly certifications often use high-efficiency filtration systems. Look for features like Energy Star or LEED certification.
Convincing a Landlord:
1Highlight the Benefits
Emphasize the advantages such as improved tenant health, potential for higher rent, and less wear on the HVAC system.
2Provide Cost-Benefit Analysis
Detail the initial costs against potential long-term savings from reduced maintenance and HVAC longevity.
3Offer to Share Costs
If feasible, propose to contribute towards the upgrade cost, showing your commitment to improved IAQ.
Tips for Designers & Builders
For the Design Team:
1Plan for Higher Air Resistance
Higher-efficiency filters like HEPA and MERV 13+ present more resistance to airflow. Your HVAC system design should account for this added pressure drop, ensuring sufficient fan capacity and air handler performance.
2Consider System Placement
Locate the HVAC system to provide easy access for regular filter maintenance and replacement. Also, consider noise and vibration isolation, as these high-efficiency systems may run at higher speeds.
3Ensure Adequate Ventilation
The design should promote healthy indoor air quality by balancing efficient filtration with adequate ventilation. Consider incorporating features like dedicated fresh air intake or energy recovery ventilation.
For the Builder:
1Quality Control
Ensure the HVAC system is installed correctly and sealed properly to prevent air leaks, which can reduce the system’s efficiency and undermine the benefits of the high-efficiency filters.
2Educate the Homeowner
Upon completion, instruct the homeowner on the proper maintenance and replacement of the high-efficiency filters, emphasizing the importance of these actions for continued system performance and indoor air quality.
3Stay Updated
High-efficiency filtration is a rapidly evolving field. Staying current on the latest technologies, products, and installation techniques ensures the best outcome for your project and clients.
1Plan for Higher Air Resistance
Higher-efficiency filters like HEPA and MERV 13+ present more resistance to airflow. Your HVAC system design should account for this added pressure drop, ensuring sufficient fan capacity and air handler performance.
1Quality Control
Ensure the HVAC system is installed correctly and sealed properly to prevent air leaks, which can reduce the system’s efficiency and undermine the benefits of the high-efficiency filters.
2Consider System Placement
Locate the HVAC system to provide easy access for regular filter maintenance and replacement. Also, consider noise and vibration isolation, as these high-efficiency systems may run at higher speeds.
2Educate the Homeowner
Upon completion, instruct the homeowner on the proper maintenance and replacement of the high-efficiency filters, emphasizing the importance of these actions for continued system performance and indoor air quality.
3Ensure Adequate Ventilation
The design should promote healthy indoor air quality by balancing efficient filtration with adequate ventilation. Consider incorporating features like dedicated fresh air intake or energy recovery ventilation.
3Stay Updated
High-efficiency filtration is a rapidly evolving field. Staying current on the latest technologies, products, and installation techniques ensures the best outcome for your project and clients.
Resources
Books:
“Air Filters 101: What Air Filters Are, How They Work, and How to Choose the Right One for Your Home” by David Heacock.
“Residential Ventilation Handbook: Ventilation to Improve Indoor Air Quality” by Paul H. Raymer.
Websites:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)- The Effectiveness of DIY Air Filtration Units: https://blogs.cdc.gov/niosh-science-blog/2023/02/03/diy-filtration/
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)- What kind of filter should I use in my home HVAC system to help protect my family from COVID-19?: https://www.epa.gov/coronavirus/what-kind-filter-should-i-use-my-home-hvac-system-help-protect-my-family-covid-19
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Indoor Air Quality (IAQ): https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq
